“With the international oil companies rebranding and reinventing themselves as broad energy suppliers and divesting from carbon-intensive projects, it will be up to the national oil companies, in particular the low-cost producers of the Middle East, to step up even at the risk of investing in what might turn out to be stranded assets. But a premature switch away from fossil fuels carries the risk of sharply higher prices across the energy spectrum and might lead to a backlash from consumers in the event of a costly and messy transition.”

-Kate Dourian examines Gulf Countries steps towards a net-zero world. [The Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington]